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Silicone Rubber Properties
Advantages Silicone Elastomers
Linear Thermal Expansion For Silicone Rubber (graph)
Thermal Conductivity For Silicone Rubber (graph)
Effects of Thermal Degradation On Siloxanes
Non-Catalytic Siloxane Reversion (diagram)
Heat Aged Results (graphs)



Advantages Silicone Elastomers

High Temperature Resistance
Silicone elastomers outperform organics with proven temperature resistance up to 600ºF. Even under extreme heat, these compounds provide superior tensile strength, elongation and abrasion resistance.

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Low Temperature Flexibility
Despite extreme temperatures as low as –100ºF, most GE silicone elastomers retain durometer and modulus. They also perform reliably for prolonged periods at –75ºF. Special grades have brittle points below –150ºF and remain serviceable at temperatures as low as –130ºF.




Compression Set Resistance
Compared to other elastomers, our silicone elastomers offer incomparable resistance to compression set deformation, even at temperatures as low as –120ºF or as high as 500ºF.




Electrical Properties
Silicone elastomers provide unequalled electrical properties over a wide range of temperatures. They rival mica in terms of resistance to high-voltage ionization and corona. Plus, they show far less dielectric fatigue than TFE resins or organic elastomers.

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Fire Resistance
Underwriters Laboratories Flame Test (UL94) is the standard measure of a material's resistance to burning. This UL test is performed on a test sample 5” by ½”. (Sample thicknesses vary but have a direct bearing on test results.) A ¾” Bunsen flame is applied for 10 seconds to a vertically supported sample immersed ¾” into the flame. The time for burning to cease following the initial 10-second exposure is noted. The flame is applied again for 10 seconds and the time for burning to cease, including glowing, is noted. A total of 5 samples are tested in this manner. Five additional samples aged for 7 days at 70ºC are also tested in this manner.
UL Flame Test Ratings and Results

Rating Required Test Results
94 V-O 5 specimens with 10 flame applications, with none exceeding 10-second flame or 50-second total burn.
94 V-1 5 specimens with 10 flame applications, with none exceeding 30-second flame or 250-second total burn
94 V-2 Same criteria as for 94 V-1, except some dripping allowed.
94 HB 3 specimens, none of which has either a burn rate exceeding 3 inches per minute or ceases to burn before reaching reference point.
Smoke Generation
Silicone polymers yield low levels of smoke under normal service or fire conditions. In the table below, Dm represents Maximum Specific Optical Density, or maximum total smoke accumulation over a 20-minute test period. TC is the time required to reach a Specific Optical Density of 16, which corresponds to a light transmittance of 16% over the viewing distance. This is considered the minimum value for visibility and safety.
Smoke Test Values
Material Dm Tc (min) Gases Evolved
Silicone Rubber 43 7 yes no no no
Polyvinyl Chloride 180 1.4 yes yes Trace no
Neoprene= 161 1.6 yes yes Trace no
Hypalon= 196 1.1 yes yes no yes
*Tests run under non-flaming conditions.
=Registered Trademarks of E.I. Dupont deNemours & Co., Inc.,

Radiation Resistance
Room temperature, GE silicone elastomers outperform TFE resin and conventional fluoroelastomers on exposure to 10/8 roentgens. Special compounds provide even greater radiation resistance.

Radiation Resistance-Silicone Rubber

  Methyl-Vinyl   Methyl-Phenyl-Vinyl
Dosage (Rads) Elongation (%) Tensile Strength (psi) Elongation (%) Tensile Strength (psi)
None 5 X 106 5 X 107 1 X 108 200 130 50 20 1200 1000 900 600 600 450 225 75 1200 1100 900 850

Chemical Resistance

Many GE elastomers fulfill specific requirements. However, only GE fluorosilicones provide outstanding fuel and solvent resistance plus the wide-ranging temperature performance of silicones.

High/Low Temperature, Chemical-Resistant Fluorosilicone

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Ozone and Corona Resistance
Silicone elastomers, including fluorosilicones, provide excellent resistance to both ozone and corona. On the other hand, while fluorocarbon materials offer good heat and ozone resistance, they degrade rapidly when exposed to corona.


Silicone Rubber* Resistance to 200 PPM Ozone
Exposure Time Change in Physical Properties
  Hardness Shore A Points Tensile Strength Elongation
7 days 14 days 28 days +3 +4 +7 -5% -15% -15% 0 -5% -5%
Strength
High-strength silicone elastomers offer strength comparable to many organic elastomers for almost any application. Physical properties of general purpose components are usually equal to or superior to organics in the 200-350ºF range.

Summary of Physical Properties at Room Temperature

Durometer Hardness, Shore A: 25-90
Tensile Strength, psi: Up to 1600
Elongation, %: Up to 700
Tear Resistance, lb/in: Up to 250
Compression Set, %: Down to 5


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Linear Thermal Expansion For Silicone Rubber

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Thermal Conductivity For Silicone Rubber

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Effects of Thermal Degradation On Siloxanes

Crosslinked Silicones at 400°F (204°C):

  • Drop in Tensile
  • Drop in Elongation
  • Build in Shore A
  • Small Build in Specific Gravity
  • Small Change in Crosslink Density

Crosslinked Silicones at 480°F (250°C):

  • Large Drop in Tensile
  • Total Loss of Elongation
  • Embrittlement
  • Large Increase in Shore A
  • Build in Specific Gravity
  • Large Change in Crosslink Density

-Test System

Temperature   MC
70 °F 8317
480 °F 476

Non-Catalytic Siloxane Reversion
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Heat Aged Test Results

168 hrs Heat Aged Shore A Single GES Additives
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168 hrs Heat Aged Tensile Single GES Additives
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168 hrs Heat Aged Elongation Single GES Additives

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